“An unjust law is itself a species of violence” (Hukum yang tidak adil itu sendiri merupakan jenis kejahatan). Kutipan dari Jeremy Bentham dalam The Canadian Bar Journal itu cocok digunakan dalam mengungkapkan kejamnya praktik lapangan hukum di Indonesia. Khususnya mengenai tindak kriminal catcalling yang tidak dihukum secara adil.
Menurut Winarsunu (2008), pelecehan seksual merupakan segala bentuk perilaku yang berkonotasi seksual baik secara ucapan, tulisan, simbol, isyarat, atau pun tidakan yang dilakukan secara sepihak dan tidak diinginkan oleh korban. Dari pengertian tersebut, perlu kita garis bawahi bahwa pelecehan seksual tidak hanya dalam bentuk fisik, tapi juga ucapan, tulisan, simbol, dan isyarat.
Ucapan yang dianggap ‘sepele’, seperti “Hai cantik, mau ke mana?” atau “Wah, manis banget, sih!” yang dilontarkan oleh orang tidak dikenal di tempat umum, mungkin terdengar biasa saja. Padahal, ucapan tersebut dapat dikategorikan sebagai pelecehan seksual, dalam bentuk verbal atau biasa disebut catcalling.
Namun, alih-alih melindungi korban catcalling, kebanyakan masyarakat malah menilai orang-orang yang merasa risih dengan ucapan tersebut justru aneh dan terkesan berlebihan. Sebaliknya, orang yang melakukan catcalling malah dianggap hanya iseng dan suatu hal yang wajar terjadi di tempat umum. Lebih lagi, anggapan ini juga memicu korban menjadi enggan membagikan ceritanya kepada orang lain dan ‘menikmati’ traumanya sendirian.
Maret 2021 silam, kejadian catcalling pernah dipublikasikan oleh seorang perempuan dalam akun Tiktoknya, @rahmiamalia96. Video berdurasi 28 detik itu menampilkan sekelompok pria yang melontarkan ucapan-ucapan yang membuat Rahmi tidak nyaman. Bukan hanya sehari atau dua hari saja, tetapi setiap hari dia harus melewati sekelompok pria tersebut lantaran memang hanya jalan itu satu-satunya akses menuju kantor tempatnya bekerja.
Masih ada yang berpendapat seperti, “Itu juga pasti karena pakaiannya” atau “Ah, gitu doang,” tulis Rahmi dalam videonya sembari menunjukkan bahwa pakaiannya sudah tertutup. Bukankah sudah jelas bahwa si pelaku yang salah, tidak ada alasan yang masuk akal kenapa dia melakukan catcalling kepada perempuan tidak dikenal yang sedang melintas di jalan umum.
Pelecehan semacam ini tentu mengganggu dan membuat resah masyarakat, khususnya perempuan. Apakah kita hanya bisa diam tidak melakukan apa-apa? Tentu saja tidak. Kita bisa melawan mereka dengan memberikan rasa jera untuk para pelaku agar tidak menganggap sepele atas apa yang dia lakukan, misalnya melaporkan atau membawa ke jalur hukum.
Jalur hukum bisa menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengatasi pelecehan seksual yang semakin marak terjadi. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Pasal 289 hingga Pasal 296 bisa menjadi dasar penuntutan pelecehan seksual. Dijelaskan dalam pasal itu, istilah pelecehan seksual adalah perbuatan cabul yang intinya perbuatan yang melanggar rasa kesusilaan dalam lingkungan nafsu birahi kelamin dari salah satu pihak.
Perlu digaris bawahi dari kasus ini, dikategorikan bukan pelecehan seksual, jika terjadi tindakan yang berbau seksual dan kedua pihak merasa baik-baik saja. Akan tetapi, ketika salah satu pihak merasa tidak nyaman dan terganggu atas tindakan tersebut, bisa dikategorikan sebagai pelecehan seksual dan bisa diselesaikan melalui jalur hukum dengan adanya bukti-bukti atau saksi yang kuat.
Dasar Hukum Catcalling
Penuntutan bisa menggunakan KUHP Pasal 281 ayat (2) versi terjemahan Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional (BPHN). Sebagaimana pasal itu berbunyi, barang siapa dengan sengaja dan di depan orang lain yang ada di situ bertentangan dengan kehendaknya, melanggar kesusilaan, maka pelaku dapat dipenjara atau dikenakan denda. Berlandaskan pasal ini, pelaku catcalling dapat diancam dengan pidana penjara paling lama dua tahun delapan bulan atau pidana denda paling banyak empat ribu lima ratus rupiah.
Kesusilaan atau kesopanan yang dimaksudkan di sini bukan hanya perbuatan saja. R. Soesilo, Mr. W.F.L. Buschkens berpendapat bahwa melanggar kesusilaan meliputi pernyataan, baik dengan kata-kata maupun perbuatan yang mengenai nafsu kelamin. Sehingga, catcalling termasuk melanggar kesusilaan dan dapat dituntut dengan pasal tersebut.
Hukuman juga bisa dikaji lebih banyak lagi untuk penanggulangan perbuatan pelecehan seksual catcalling. Terutama untuk menjerat pelaku dan memperkuat dasar hukuman dengan menggabungkan perspektif pidana. Melalui KUHP Pasal 315 dan UU Nomor 44 tahun 2008 Pasal 8, Pasal 9, Pasal 34, dan Pasal 35 tentang pornografi yang bisa digunakan sebagai penyelesaian perbuatan catcalling di Indonesia.
Tertulis dalam KUHP Pasal 315 bahwa tiap-tiap penghinaan dengan sengaja yang tidak bersifat pencemaran atau pencemaran tertulis yang dilakukan terhadap seseorang, baik di muka umum dengan lisan atau tulisan, maupun di muka orang itu sendiri dengan lisan atau perbuatan, atau dengan surat yang dikirimkan atau diterimakan kepadanya, diancam karena penghinaan ringan dengan pidana penjara paling lama empat bulan dua minggu atau pidana denda paling banyak empat ribu lima ratus rupiah.
Pasal tersebut bisa digunakan ketika catcalling mengandung unsur vulgar dan pornografi. Kemudian pada pasal 8 berbunyi, setiap orang dilarang dengan sengaja atau atas persetujuan dirinya menjadi objek atau model yang mengandung muatan pornografi. Sementara, pasal 9 yang berbunyi, setiap orang dilarang menjadikan orang lain sebagai objek atau model yang mengandung muatan pornografi.
Kemudian, dipertegas pada pasal 34 bahwa setiap orang yang dengan sengaja, atau atas persetujuan dirinya menjadi objek atau model yang mengandung muatan pornografi. Sebagaimana dimaksud dalam pasal 8 dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 10 tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling banyak Rp5.000.000.000,00.
Juga pada pasal 35 yang berbunyi setiap orang yang menjadikan orang lain sebagai objek atau model yang mengandung muatan pornografi. Sebagaimana dimaksud dalam pasal 9 dipidana, dengan pidana penjara paling singkat satu tahun, dan paling lama 12 tahun dan/atau pidana denda paling sedikit Rp500.000.000,00 dan paling banyak Rp6.000.000.000,00.
Selain untuk pelaku, pihak korban dan saksi pun tertera dalam undang-undang guna mendapat perlindungan. Berdasarkan UU Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Secara garis besar, korban dan saksi memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan dalam bidang keamanan dan dibebaskan untuk memilih jenis perlindungan yang akan diberikan kepada korban. Pasal ini bertujuan, agar korban dan saksi tidak merasa terancam ketika mengungkapkan pelecehan yang menyebabkan mereka trauma.
Tindak pidana bagi pelaku pelecehan seksual terutama catcalling memang belum kuat, hanya berdasarkan beberapa pasal saja. Meskipun hukumannya tidak terlalu berat, setidaknya pelaku merasa jera karena terdapat catatan kriminal dalam riwayatnya. Catatan kriminal itu mungkin saja menghambat masa depannya dalam mengejar pendidikan ataupun mencari pekerjaan di dunia luar nantinya.
Memang tidak adil, ketika pelaku yang ditindak pidana hanya terkurung di balik jeruji besi paling lama tiga tahun. Sedangkan, korban harus melawan traumanya hingga tidak tahu kapan sembuhnya. Oleh karena itu, laporkan pelaku ketika mengalami catcalling, agar ia berpikir dua kali jika tahu dia akan dipenjara akibat perbuatan isengnya. Juga agar lebih diperkuat lagi hukuman untuk pelaku yang menganggap catcalling adalah candaan di jalan umum semata.
Namun sayangnya, tidak banyak yang mengangkat kasus ini ke jalur hukum. Sebab, komentar orang terdekat saat korban bercerita bukannya mendukung, tetapi malah menganggap catcalling adalah hal yang wajar. Terlebih lagi praktik di lapangan, kasus seperti ini sangat sulit diajukan ke pengadilan dengan alasan dasar hukum yang lemah.
Faktor Itulah yang menjadikan pelecehan seksual hanya sebuah candaan di jalan umum. Hukum seharusnya lebih tegas menegakkan keadilan atas tindak kejahatan. Seperti kata Anatole France, keadilan berarti menegakkan hukum terhadap ketidakadilan. Lantas, apakah hati nurani masih mau mewajarkan ‘candaan’ yang membahayakan kesehatan mental korban?
Penulis: Safina Rosita Indrawati
Penyunting: Febi Anggara
Ilustrator: Mustabir Halim
Menyibak Realita
My brother recommended I might like this blog. He
was once totally right. This post truly made my day.
You cann’t consider simply how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!
I’m impressed, I have to admit. Rarely do I encounter a blog
that’s both educative and entertaining, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the
nail on the head. The problem is something too few men and women are
speaking intelligently about. I am very
happy I came across this in my hunt for something relating to this.
Today, I went to the beach with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is completely off topic but I had to tell someone!
So attractive were these spirit-maidens that they also took
up residence in 19th-century Romantic literature.
— A Raleigh man turned $two into $1 million thanks to a speedy
pick Powerball ticket.
The player chooses five white balls numbered 1 via 69, and a single red Powerball of
any number involving 1 and 26.
The winning numbers in the Wednesday drawing have been white
balls 40, 53, 60, 68, 69, plus Powerball 22, and Energy Play multiplier 3X.
This is a topic which is close to my heart…
Take care! Where are your contact details though?
It’s very straightforward to find out any matter
on web as compared to books, as I found this piece of writing at this website.
Definitely believe that which you said. Your favorite justification seemed to be on the web the easiest thing to be aware of.
I say to you, I certainly get annoyed while people think
about worries that they plainly don’t know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the
whole thing without having side effect , people can take
a signal. Will probably be back to get more. Thanks
Good day! I know this is kinda off topic however , I’d figured I’d ask.
Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe
guest authoring a blog post or vice-versa? My website discusses
a lot of the same subjects as yours and I believe we could greatly benefit from each other.
If you might be interested feel free to send me an email.
I look forward to hearing from you! Superb blog by the way!
Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Thanks, However I am experiencing issues
with your RSS. I don’t understand why I cannot subscribe to it.
Is there anybody else having the same RSS problems? Anyone
that knows the answer will you kindly respond? Thanks!!
Very nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I’ve really enjoyed surfing around your blog posts.
In any case I will be subscribing to your rss feed and I hope you write again soon!
Thanks for the marvelous posting! I really enjoyed reading it, you
are a great author.I will make certain to bookmark your
blog and may come back in the future. I want to
encourage one to continue your great writing, have a nice holiday weekend!
Admiring the time and effort you put into your site and in depth information you present.
It’s nice to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same out of date rehashed material.
Great read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.
I’m gone to say to my little brother, that he should also pay a visit this blog
on regular basis to obtain updated from hottest news.
Hi there all, here every one is sharing such familiarity,
therefore it’s good to read this blog, and I used to pay a visit
this web site all the time.
Excellent blog here! Also your web site a lot up very fast!
What web host are you the usage of? Can I get your associate hyperlink to your host?
I want my website loaded up as fast as yours lol
Hi, I do think this is a great website. I stumbledupon it 😉 I may revisit
once again since I book-marked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide others.
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew
of any widgets I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates.
I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite
some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something like this.
Please let me know if you run into anything. I truly enjoy reading your blog and
I look forward to your new updates.
I’ve read some just right stuff here. Definitely
worth bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how much effort you place to create this type of excellent informative
website.
Hi there mates, fastidious piece of writing and pleasant urging commented here, I am really enjoying by these.
I think this is one of the most significant information for me.
And i’m glad reading your article. But should remark on few general things, The website style is great, the articles is really great :
D. Good job, cheers
Hi to every one, since I am truly keen of reading
this website’s post to be updated daily. It carries
pleasant material.
I was curious if you ever thought of changing the structure of your site?
Its very well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe
you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better.
Youve got an awful lot of text for only having 1 or 2 pictures.
Maybe you could space it out better?
Hmm is anyone else having problems with the pictures on this blog loading?
I’m trying to determine if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog.
Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.
Generally I do not read post on blogs, but I would like to say that this write-up very pressured
me to try and do so! Your writing style has been surprised me.
Thank you, quite nice article.
I don’t even understand how I stopped up right here, however I thought this submit
used to be great. I do not recognise who you are however definitely you are going to a famous blogger in case you aren’t already.
Cheers!
Very nice post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wished to
say that I’ve really enjoyed browsing your blog posts.
After all I’ll be subscribing to your rss feed and I hope you write
again very soon!
It’s in fact very difficult in this active life
to listen news on TV, therefore I just use web for that purpose,
and take the newest news.
You should be a part of a contest for one of the finest websites on the net.
I most certainly will recommend this blog!
Good way of describing, and fastidious article to obtain facts
regarding my presentation topic, which i am going to deliver
in college.
hey there and thank you for your information – I’ve definitely picked up anything new from right here.
I did however expertise a few technical points using this web site, since
I experienced to reload the website a lot of times previous
to I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if
your web hosting is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but slow loading instances times will
sometimes affect your placement in google and could damage your quality score
if advertising and marketing with Adwords.
Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my e-mail and could look out for much more of your respective
interesting content. Ensure that you update this again very soon.
Aw, this was a really nice post. Taking the time and actual effort to create a really good article… but what can I say… I hesitate a
whole lot and never seem to get nearly anything done.
Saved as a favorite, I love your website!
Hi there, You’ve done an incredible job. I will definitely digg it and personally suggest
to my friends. I am confident they will be benefited from this
website.
Hi my family member! I want to say that this article is awesome, great written and include approximately all vital infos.
I’d like to look more posts like this .
I take pleasure in, result in I found just what I was having a look
for. You have ended my four day lengthy hunt! God Bless you man. Have a great day.
Bye
Also visit my web blog – http://christinamaury.com
I was excited to uncover this page. I need to to thank you for ones time for this particularly fantastic read!!
I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it and i also have you book-marked
to check out new information on your site.
I read this piece of writing completely regarding the resemblance of most recent and earlier technologies, it’s amazing article.
Attractive section of content. I just stumbled upon your blog
and in accession capital to claim that I get in fact loved account your blog posts.
Any way I will be subscribing to your feeds or even I success you get admission to constantly rapidly.
Aw, this was a very nice post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to make a really good article… but what can I
say… I hesitate a whole lot and never manage to get anything done.
I absolutely love your website.. Pleasant colors & theme. Did you
make this website yourself? Please reply back as I’m
hoping to create my own personal site and
want to know where you got this from or just what the theme
is called. Cheers!
My brother suggested I may like this website. He was totally right.
This post truly made my day. You cann’t believe just how so much time I had spent for this info!
Thank you!
I really like what you guys are usually up too. This
type of clever work and coverage! Keep up the very good works guys I’ve incorporated you guys to my blogroll.
Amazing blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere?
A design like yours with a few simple tweeks would really
make my blog jump out. Please let me know where you got your theme.
Appreciate it
I visited many sites but the audio quality for audio songs
existing at this website is truly superb.
I don’t even know how I ended up here, but I thought this post was good.
I do not know who you are but certainly you are going to a
famous blogger if you aren’t already 😉 Cheers!
Spot on with this write-up, I absolutely believe this site needs a lot more attention. I’ll probably be returning
to see more, thanks for the advice!
Hello friends, its great piece of writing about cultureand fully defined, keep it up
all the time.
Greetings! I know this is kinda off topic but I’d figured
I’d ask. Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa?
My site goes over a lot of the same topics as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from
each other. If you’re interested feel free to send me an e-mail.
I look forward to hearing from you! Excellent blog by the way!
Wow! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a completely different topic but
it has pretty much the same layout and design. Outstanding choice of colors!
Excellent post however I was wondering if you could write a litte more
on this subject? I’d be very grateful if you could elaborate
a little bit further. Many thanks!
Hello, Neat post. There’s an issue together with your website in web explorer, might test this?
IE nonetheless is the marketplace leader and a large element of other people will pass over your wonderful writing due to this problem.
I visited several websites however the audio feature for audio songs present
at this web page is genuinely superb.
Hi there, after reading this amazing piece of writing i am too delighted to share
my know-how here with colleagues.
wonderful publish, very informative. I wonder why the opposite experts of this sector
don’t understand this. You should proceed your writing.
I’m sure, you have a huge readers’ base already!